M
| English name |
Other names or former names |
| Maastricht |
Mastriht (Serbian), Maastricht (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Romanian), 마스트리츠(Korean),Maestricht (former French, Romanian variant), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Māstrihta (Latvian), Mastrique (Spanish), Mestreech (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon), マーストリヒト (Japanese) |
| Madrid |
Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Mǎdélǐ - 馬德里 (Traditional Chinese), Mǎdélǐ - 马德里 (Simplified Chinese), Madorīdo - マドリード (Japanese), مادریدPersian, Madri (Brazilian Portuguese), Madrid (Afrikaans, Asturian, Azeri, Catalan, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Maltese, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madride (Latvian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madrit (Old Catalan), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), مدريد Arabic, Мадрыд (Belarusian), Мадрид (Bulgarian, Russian), Madril (Basque), 마드리드 (Korean), मद्रीद (Hindi) |
| Mahilyow |
Mahilyoŭ - Магілёў (Belarusian), Mogilev (Russian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant), Mogiliovas (Lithuanian) |
| Mainz |
Määnz (local dialect), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Magúncia (Catalan), Mainca (Latvian), Mainz (Dutch, Finnish, German, Romanian, Swedish), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Měiyīncí - 美因茨 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Meenz (former local dialect), Maienţa (old Romanian), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek, along with the modern name),マインツ (Japanese) 마인츠(Korean) |
| Malbork |
Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German), Malborg (Romanian) |
| Malmedy |
Malmedy (Dutch, French, German), Malmünde (former German) |
| Malmö |
Ellenbogen (former German), Malme (Latvian), Malmø (Danish), Malmö (Azeri, Finnish, German, Swedish, Turkish), Malmogia (Latin), マルメ (Japanese), 말뫼(Korean) |
| Manchester |
Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mànchèsītè - 曼徹斯特 (Traditional Chinese), Mànchèsītè - 曼彻斯特 (Simplified Chinese), Manchéster (Portuguese), Mamucium (Latin), Μαγχεστρία (Greek - καθαρεύουσα), منچستر Persian, 맨체스터(Korean) |
| Mantua |
Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Romanian, Slovak), Mantua (Dutch, German, Latin), Mântua (Portuguese), 만토바(Korean) |
| Maribor |
Marburg an der Drau (German), Marburgo (Portuguese), Maribor (Azeri, Finnish, German, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian) |
| Mariehamn |
Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish) |
| Marktredwitz |
Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech) |
| Marseille |
Marseļa (Latvian)*, Marseilla (Basque)*, Marseille (Finnish*, French*, Swedish*), Marseilles (English variant)*, Marsel' - Марсель (Russian)*, Marselha (Portuguese)*, Marselis (Lithuanian)*, Marselj (Serbian), Marsejlo (Esperanto)*, Marsella (Catalan*, Spanish*), Marseya (Ladino)*, Marsigghia (Sicilian)*, مارسی Persian, Marsigla (Romansh), Marsiglia (Italian)*, Marsilha or Marselha* (Occitan), Marsilia (Romanian)*, Marsīliyā - مارسيليا (Arabic)*, Marcel - Մարսել (Armenian), Marsilya (Turkish*), Marsel (Azeri*, Marsylia (Polish)*, Massalía - Μασσαλία (Greek)*, Massilia (Latin)*, Mạc Xây or Mac-xây (Vietnamese), Marseia - מרסיי (Hebrew)*, マルセイユ (Japanese), 마르세이유(Korean) |
| Mechelen |
Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch, Finnish), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name) |
| Meißen |
Meisene (Latvian), Meißen (German), Meissen (Dutch, French, Romanian), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish), マイセン(Japanese) |
| Melk |
Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German) |
| Menton |
Menton (French), Mentone (Italian) |
| Messina |
Mesīna (Latvian), Mesíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek), Messina (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, Italian, Maltese, Portuguese, Romanian, Turkish), Messine (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Missina (Sicilian), メッシーナ (Japanese) |
| Metz |
Divodurum (Latin), Meca (Latvian), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Méty (Czech), Metz (Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian) |
| Medzhybizh |
Medschybisch (German), Medžibož - Меджибож (Russian), Medžybiž - Меджибіж (Ukrainian), Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish) |
| Miercurea-Ciuc |
Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German) |
| Mikkeli |
Mikkeli (Finnish), Sankt Michel (Swedish) |
| Mikulov |
Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German) |
| Milan |
Mailand (German), Majland (Old Hungarian), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana Μεδιόλανα (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), میلان Persian, Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Afrikaans, Dutch), Milan (Azeri, French, Friulian, German, Maltese, Milanese, Slovene), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Mǐlán - 米蘭 (Traditional Chinese), Mǐlán - 米兰 (Simplified Chinese), Milāna (Latvian), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milanas (Lithuanian), ミラノ (Japanese), Milaun (Romansh), Милано (Bulgarian), 밀라노(Korean) |
| Minsk |
Minsk - Мінск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Bulgharian, Russian, Serbian), Mensk - Менск (archaic Belarusian) مینسک Persian, Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minska (Latvian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minszk (Hungarian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsk (Azeri, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Turkish), ミンスク (Japanese), 민스크(Korean) |
| Miskolc |
Miskolc (Hungarian, Finnish), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian) |
| Moineşti |
Moineşti (Romanian), Mojnest (Hungarian) |
| Modena |
Modène (French), Módena (Portuguese, Spanish), Mutina (Latin) |
| Monaco |
Manaka - Манака (Belarusian), Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Interlingua, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish), Mónaco (Portuguese, Spanish), Mônaco (Brazilian Portuguese), Mónàgē - 摩納哥 (Traditional Chinese), Mónàgē - 摩纳哥 (Simplified Chinese), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Azeri, Basque, Esperanto, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - (Hungarian)Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monegue (Occitan), Monoecus (Latin), Munegu (Monegasque), モナコ(Japanese), Monako - Монако (Bulgarian),모나코(Korean) |
| Mons |
Bergen (Dutch, German), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon), Berg (Limburgish) |
| Monschau |
Monschau (German), Montjoie (French) |
| Montbéliard |
Mömpelgard (former German), Montbéliard (French, Romanian) |
| Morąg |
Mohrungen (German), Morąg (German, Polish) |
| Moscow |
Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Lithuanian), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscau (Romansh), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (French, Brazilian Portuguese), مسکو Persian, Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (European Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish),Moska (Maltese), Mosekao (Hawaiian), Mòsīkē - 莫斯科 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Afrikaans, Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva - Москва (Russian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian, Swedish), Մոսկվա - Armenian, Moskva (Azeri, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Norwegian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Icelandic), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Standard written Yiddish), Moskiv - מאָסקעװ (spoken Southeastern Yiddish), Moskeve - מאָסקעװע (spoken Central Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto), Moskwa (Indonesian, Polish), Mosukuwa - モスクワ (Japanese), Moszkva (Hungarian), موسكو Mūskū (Arabic), Matxcơva or Mạc Tư Khoa (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), 모스크바(korean) |
| Mosonmagyaróvár |
Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German) |
| Motovun |
Motovun (Croatian, Serbian), Montona (Italian) |
| Monza |
Montsch (former German), Monza (Italian, Maltese) |
| Mścisłaŭ |
See Amścisłaŭ |
| Mukacheve |
Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German) |
| Mulhouse |
Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (Finnish, French, Romanian), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish), Μυλούζη (Greek) |
| Munich |
Minca (Romansh), Minga (Bavarian), Minhen (Serbian), Minhene (Latvian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Мюнхен/Myunkhen (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Munic (Catalan), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Mùníhēi - 慕尼黑 (Traditional and Simplified Chinese), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian), ミュンヘン (Japanese),, مونیخ (Persian), 뮌헨(Korean) |
| Munster |
Munster (French *, German*), Münster im Elsaß (German*) |
| Münster |
Minstere (Latvian), Münster (German, Romanian, Turkish), Meuster (Walloon), Monastyr (Polish) |
| Murmansk |
Moermansk (Dutch), 무르만스크(Korean), Mourmansk (French), Murmanska (Latvian), Murmansk - Мурманск (Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian, Serbian), Murmansk (Finnish, Italian, Romanian), Murmańsk (Polish), Murmanskas (Lithuanian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Muurmanni or Muurmanski (former Finnish), Muurmansk or Murmansk (Finnish); Romanov-on-Murman (former name), Múrmansk (Icelandic), ムルマンスク(Japanese) |
| Mykolaiv or Mykolayiv |
Nikolayev or Nikolaev - Никола́ев (Russian) |
N
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Nakhchivan |
Naxçıvan (Azeri), Naktchevan (French), Nachitschewan (German), Nachitsjevan (Dutch), Nakhcivan (Italian), Najicheván (Spanish), Nakichevan (Portuguese), Nachitjevan (Swedish), Nakhitsjevan (Norwegian, Danish), Nahitševan (Finnish), Nahhitševan (Estonian), Nakhichevan - Нахичевань (Russian), Nakhichevan - Нахічевань (Ukrainian), Nachiczewan (Polish), Nachičevan (Czech, Slovak), Nakhchivan - Нахчиван (Serbian), Nākhjāvān - نخجوان (Persian), Nahçıvan (Turkish), Nakhijevan - Նախիջեվան (Armenian), Nexcivan - نخچيڤان (Kurdish), Nakhchevani - ნახჭევანი (Georgian), Nakitseván - Νακιτσεβάν (Greek), Nakhitshevan - נחיתשיו'ן (Hebrew), Nakhitshifan - ناخيتشيفان (Arabic), Nākhtshewān - ܢܚܛܫܘܢ (Syriac), Nagsh-e Jahān - نقش جهان (former Persian) |
| Namur |
Namen (Dutch, former German), Nameur (Walloon), Namur (French, German, Romanian) |
| Nancy |
Nancy (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian), Nanzeg (Luxembourgish), Nanzig (old German) |
| Nantes |
Νάντη (Greek), Nantes (Dutch, French), 낭트(Korean), Naoned (Breton)*, Naunnt (Gallo) |
| Naoussa |
Naoussa - Νάουσα (Greek), Negush - Негуш (Macedonian, Bulgarian), Ağostos (Turkish) |
| Naples |
Nābūlī (Arabic), 나폴리(Korean), Napels (Afrikaans, Dutch), Naples (French), Napli (Maltese), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoli (Italian, Finnish, Norwegian, Romanian, Turkish), Nápoli - Νάπολη (modern Greek), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápols (Aragonese), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napule (Neapolitan), Napulj (Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German, Swedish), Neapelj (Slovene), Neapol (Azeri, Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol' - Неаполь (Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (Latvian, old Romanian), Neapolis (Latin, Lithuanian), Neápolis - Νεάπολις (ancient Greek), 拿坡里 (Chinese), Neapol - Неапол (Bulgarian) |
| Narbonne |
Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan, Spanish), Narbonne (Dutch, English, French, German, Romanian) |
| Narvik |
Narviika (Northern Sami), Victoriahavn (former name 1887-1898), 나르빅(Korean) |
| Navahrudak |
Naugardukas (Lithuanian), Navahradak - Наваградак (archaic Belarusian spelling), Nowogródek (Polish), Novogrudok - Новогрудок (Russian) |
| Neuchâtel |
Neuchâtel (French, Romanian), Neuenburg (German) |
| Newcastle upon Tyne |
An Caisleán Nua (Irish), Nova Castra (Latin), 纽卡素 (Chinese), Toon (Geordie) |
| Newport (Monmouthshire) |
Casnewydd (Welsh), Novus Burgus (Latin) |
| Newport (Pembrokeshire) |
Trefdraeth (Welsh) |
| New Orleans |
Nouveau-Orléans (French) |
| New York |
Newyork (formerly Swedish), Nuova York (Italian) |
| Nice |
Nica (Latvian, Lithuanian*, Slovene*), Nica or Nitsa - Ница (Belarusian, Bulgarian*, Serbian*), Niça (Catalan*, Occitan), نیس Persian, Nicaea (Latin)*, Nicca or Nitstsa - Ницца (Russian)*, Nice (French*, Swedish*, Portuguese*), Nicea (Polish)*, Nico (Esperanto)*, Níkea - Νίκαια (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian)*, Nissa (Occitan variant*, Provençal), Niza (Spanish)*, Nizza (Italian*, Finnish*, German*, Hungarian), 니스(Korean), 尼斯 (Chinese) |
| Nicosia |
Lefkoşe or Lefkoşa (Turkish), Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German), Nikósie / Lefkósie (Czech), Nikosija (Latvian, Maltese, Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Lithuanian, Serbian, Slovene), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), 니코시아(Korean) |
| Nieuweschans |
Neuschanz (German), Nieuweschans (Dutch) |
| Nijmegen |
Nijmege (Limburgish), Nijmegen (Dutch*, Romanian), نایمیخن Persian, Nimega (Italian, Spanish), Nimègue (French), Nîmegue (Walloon), Nimwege (local dialect), Nimwegen (German), Noviomago (Portuguese*), Noviomagus, Oppidum Batavorum and Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum (Latin *) |
| Niš |
Nis / Nisch (German), Nis / Nish (English, French), Ниш / Niš (Serbian), Niš (Slovak, Slovene), Ниш (Bulgarian, Russian),Niŝo (Esperanto), Nisz (Polish), Nix (Asturianu) |
| Nivelles |
Nijvel (Dutch), Nivilles (French), Nisch (German), |
| Nizhny Novgorod |
Gorky (former name 1932-1990), Nijni-Novgorod (French, Romanian, Turkish), Nischnij Nowgorod (German), Nižni Novgorod (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Nižni Noŭharad - Ніжні Ноўгарад (Belarusian), Nižnij Novgorod - Нижний Новгород (Russian), Nižnij Novgorod (Czech), Ņižņijnovgoroda (Latvian), Nižny Novgordas (Lithuanian), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nowogród (Polish) |
| Novi Sad |
Neoplanta (Latin), Neusatz (German), Novi Sad (Azeri, Romanian, Slovene), Novi Sad - Нови Сад (Bulgarian, Serbian, Ruthenian), Novi Sadas (Lithuanian), Novisada (Latvian), Nový Sad (Czech, Slovak), Nowy Sad (Polish), Újvidék (Hungarian) |
| Nowy Sącz |
Neu-Sandez (German), Nowy Sącz (Polish), Sandz - סאַנדז (Yiddish) |
| Nuoro |
Nugoro (Sardinian), Nuoro (Italian) |
| Nurenberg |
Näöreberg (Limburgish), Neurenberg (Dutch), Niremvéryi - Νυρεμβέργη (Greek), Nirnberg (Serbian), Nirnberga (Latvian), Niurnbergas (Lithuanian), Norimberg (Slovak, Slovene), Norimberga (Italian), Norimberk (Czech), Nörnberg (Low Saxon), Norymberga (Polish), Núremberg (Spanish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Nürenberg (Romanian), Nürnberg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Hungarian, Swedish, Norwegian, Turkish), نورمبرگ Persian. 뉘렌베르그(Korean) |
O
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Obernai |
Oberehnheim (German*), Obernai (French*, German*) |
| Óbuda (now part of Budapest) |
Altofen (German), Buda (Polish), Buda (Veche) (Romanian), Óbuda (Hungarian), Starý Budín (Czech) |
| Odessa |
Ades - אַדעס (Yiddish), Hacıbey (obsolete Turkish), Odhisós - Οδησσός (Greek), Odesa (Latvian, Romanian, Turkish), Odesa - Одеса (Bulgarian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Oděsa (Czech), Odessa (Azeri, Polish, Turkish variant), Odessa - Одесса (Russian), 오데사(Korean) |
| Ohrid |
Akhrídha - Αχρίδα (Greek variant), Ochryda (Polish), Ocrida (Italian), Ohër (Albanian), Ohri (Turkish), Ohrid - Охрид (Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian), Ohrid (Slovenie), Okhrídha - Οχρίδα (Greek)
Older Graeco-Illyrian names include Dyassarites, Lychnidos, Lychnis, Ochrida, and Achrida
|
| Olbia |
Olbia (Italian), Tarranoa (Corsican), Terranoa (Sardinian), Terranova Pausania (former Italian) |
| Oldenburg |
Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Oldenburg (German), Starogard (Polish, Serbian) |
| Olkusz |
Hilcus (Latin), Ilkenau (German 1942-45), Ilkusz (former Polish), Olkusch (German), Olkusz (Polish) |
| Olomouc |
Olmütz (German), Olomóc or Holomóc (Czech - Hanakian dialect), Olomouc (Czech), Olomuncium, Iuliomontium or Olomucium (Latin), Ołomuniec (Polish), Alamóc (old Hungarian) |
| Olsztyn |
Allenstein (German), Olštinas (Lithuanian), Olsztyn (Polish), Ольштын (Russian) |
| Oneşti |
Oneşti (Romania), Onyest (Hungarian) |
| Opatija |
Abbazia (Italian), Opatija (Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Sankt Jakobi (German) |
| Opava |
Opava (Czech), Opavia (Latin), Opawa (Polish), Troppau (German) |
| Opole |
Opole (Polish), Opolí (Czech), Oppeln (German) |
| Oradea |
Gran Varadino (Italian), Großwardein (German), Magno-Varadinum (Latin variant), Nagyvárad (Hungarian), Oradea (Romanian, Polish), Oradea-Mare (former Romanian), Varadinum (Latin), Varat (Turkish), Veliki Varadin Велики Варадин (Serbian) |
| Oranienburg |
Bocov (Czech), Bötzow (former German), Oranienburg (German) |
| Oristano |
Aristanis (Sardinian), Oristan (Spanish), Oristano (Italian), Oristany (Catalan) |
| Osijek |
Esseg (former German), Eszék (Hungarian), Mursa (Latin), Osek (Slovene), Osijek (Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Romanian, Swedish), Osijekas (Lithuanian), Osiek (Polish), Осијек (Serbian), โอซีเยค (Thai) |
| Oslo |
Asloa (Latin), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name 1624-1925), 오슬로(Korean), Kristiania (late version of former name), Oslas (Lithuanian), اسلو Persian, Oslo (Azeri, Indonesian, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Latvian, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Osló (Irish), Ósló (Icelandic), Ūslū (Arabic), 奧斯陸 (Chinese) |
| Osnabrück |
Osnabrugge (Dutch alternate), Osnabrück (Dutch, German, Romanian),Osnabruque (Portuguese) |
| Ostend |
Oostende (Dutch), Οστάνδη (Greek), Ostenda (Italian, Polish), Ostende (Czech, French, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Ostendė (Lithuanian), Ostendo (Esperanto), Ostinde (Walloon) |
| Östersund |
Östersund (Swedish), Østersund (Danish, Norwegian), Luvlieluspie (Southern Sami) |
| Ostrava |
Ostrau (German), Ostrava (Czech, Slovak, Slovene), Ostrawa (Polish), Острава (Bulgarian) |
| Ostróda |
Ostróda (Polish), Osterode (German) |
| Ostrów Wielkopolski |
Ostrovia (Latin), Ostrów (former Polish), Ostrów Wielkopolski (Polish), Ostrowo (German) |
| Oświęcim |
Oświęcim (Polish), Auschwitz (German, Romanian), Osventsym - Освенцим (Russian), Aushvitsa (Romani), Osvencima (Latvian), Aušvice (former Latvian), Oshpitizin (Yiddish), Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim (Slovak), Osvyenchim (Romani), 奧斯威辛 (Chinese) |
| Oulu |
Oulu (Estonian, Finnish, Polish), Oulu (Latvian), Uleåborg (Swedish) |
| Oxford |
牛津 (Niú jìn - literally ox ford) (Chinese), Okkusufōdo - オックスフォード (Japanese), Oksford (Azeri, Polish, Serbian), Oksforda (Latvian), Oksfordas (Lithuanian), Oksfórdhi - Οξφόρδη (Greek), Oksfordo (Esperanto), Oxonia (Latin), Oxónia (Portuguese), Rhydychen (Welsh), Oxford - Оксфорд (Bulgarian, Russian) Resoghen (Cornish), 옥스포드(Korean) |
| Ozieri |
Ocier (Spanish, Catalan), Othieri (Sardinian), Ozieri (Italian) |
P
| English Name |
Other names or former names |
| Padua |
Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Maltese, Romanian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Pádova (Hungarian), Padua (Dutch, German, medieval Latin, Spanish, Swedish), Pádua (Portuguese), Paduja (Latvian), Paduya - Падуя (Russian), Padwa (Polish), Padue (Friulian), Πάδουα/Πάδοβα (Greek), Patavium (classical Latin), პადუა (Georgian),파도바(Korean) |
| Palermo |
Palerm (Catalán), Palerma - Палерма (Belarusian), Palermo - Палермо (Russian), Palermas (Lithuanian), Palerme (French), Palermo (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, German, Italian, Finnish, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Palermu or Palemmu (Sicilian), Panormos - Πάνορμος (Greek), Panormus (Latin), პალერმო (Georgian), 팔레르모(Korean) |
| Pamplona |
Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Azeri, Catalan, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish), Pampelune (French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish), Pompaelo (Latin), პამპლონა (Georgian), 팜플로냐(Korean) |
| Panevėžys |
Poniewież (Polish), Ponewesch (German), Panevēža (Latvian), პანევეჟისი (Georgian) |
| Paris |
파리(Korean), 巴黎 (Chinese), Bārīs (Arabic), Lutetia (Latin), Paräis (Luxembourgish), Páras (Irish), Pari - パリ (Japanese), Paries (Limburgish), Parigi (Italian), Pariġi (Maltese), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi (Finnish), Parijs (Dutch), París (Catalan, Spanish, Icelandic), Paris (Azeri, French, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Parisium (medieval Latin), Parísi - Παρίσι (Greek), Παρίσιοι Greek - καθαρεύουσα), Париж/Pariž (Bulgarian, Russian), Pariz (Breton, Croatian, Slovene), Pariz - Париз (Serbian), Pariz - פּאַריז (Yiddish), Paříž (Czech), Paríž (Slovak), Parīze (Latvian), Parizo (Esperanto), Párizs (Hungarian), Parys (Afrikaans), Paryż (Polish), Париж/Paryzh (Ukrainian), Paryžius (Lithuanian), Paryž - Парыж (Belarusian), Pa-ris or Ba-lê (Vietnamese, the latter is old-fashioned), პარიზი (Georgian) |
| Parma |
Parme (French), Párma (Hungarian), Πάρμα (Greek), პარმა (Georgian), Parma (Czech, Slovak) |
| Pärnu |
Parnawa (Polish), Pärnu (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Swedish), Pernau (German), Pērnava (Latvian), Piarnu (Belarusian, Lithuanian), Piarnu - Пярну (Russian), პიარნუ (Georgian) |
| Passau |
Batavia Bavariae (feudal Latin), Castra batava (Roman Latin), Pasawa (Polish), Pasov (Czech, Slovak), Passau (Dutch, French, German, Romanian, Turkish), Passavia (Italian), Pasava (Serbian), პასაუ (Georgian) |
| Patras |
Patra (Modern Greek), Patrae (Latin), Patrasso (Italian), Patras (Azeri, Dutch, French, German) |
| Pavia |
Pavia (Italian, German, Dutch), Papia (Latin), Pavio (Esperanto), Pavija - Павия (Russian), Pavija - Павија (Serbian), პავია (Georgian) |
| Pazin |
Mitterburg (German), Pazin (Croatian, Serbian), Pisino (Italian), |
| Pechory |
Pechory - Печёры (Russian), Petschur (former German), Petseri (Estonian, Finnish) |
| Pécs |
Beci (old Romanian), Pětikostelí (Czech), Päťkostolie (Slovak), Peç (Turkish), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Pecz (Polish), Pečuj - Печуј (Serbian), Quinqueecclesiae (Latin), Cinquechiese (old Italian), პეჩი (Georgian) |
| Peenemünde |
Peenemünde (German), Pianoujście (Polish) |
| Perm |
Perm (English, German, Česky, Finnish), Пермь (Russian), Permjo (Esperanto) |
| Perpignan |
Perpignan (Brazilian Portuguese, Dutch, French, Finnish, German, Romanian), Perpignano (Italian), Perpiñán (Spanish), Perpinhan (Occitan), Perpinhão (Portuguese), Perpinjan (Serbian), Perpinyà (Catalan) |
| Perugia |
Pérouse (French), Perugia (Dutch, German, Italian, Romanian), Perusa (Spanish), Perusia (Latin), პერუჯა (Georgian) |
| Petrozavodsk |
Petrosawodsk (German), Petroskoi (Finnish), Petrozavodsk - Петрозаводск (Russian), Petrozavodskas (Lithuanian), Pietrazavodzk - Петразаводзк (Belarusian), Petrozavodsk (Azeri), Äänislinna (former Finnish), Pietrozawodzk (Polish), პეტროზავოდსკი (Georgian) |
| Piacenza |
Piacenza (Dutch, German, Italian), Pjaćenca (Serbian), Plaisance (French), Plasencia (Spanish), Piacenţa (Romanian), Placentia (Latin), Plakentia - Πλακεντία (Greek), პიაჩენცა (Georgian) |
| Piatra Neamţ |
Karácsonkő (Hungarian), Kreuzburg an der Bistritz (German), Piatra Neamţ (Romanian) |
| Piła |
Piła (Polish), Schneidemühl (German) |
| Pilsen |
Pilsen (Dutch, German, Italian, Portuguese, former Romanian), Pilzene (Latvian), Pilzno (Polish), Plzeň (Czech, Romanian, Slovak), პლზენი (Georgian) |
| Pinsk |
Пінск Pinsk (Belarusian), Пинск Pinsk (Bulgarian, Russian), Pinsk (Dutch, French, German), Pińsk (Polish), Пінськ Pins"k (Ukrainian), פינסק (Yiddish) |
| Piotrków Trybunalski |
Piotrków Trybunalski (Polish), Petrikau (German), Petrikev - פּעטריקעװ (Yiddish), Petrokov (Russian), |
| Piran |
Piran (Croatian, German, Serbian, Slovene), Pirano (Italian), Pyrrhanum (Latin) |
| Plauen |
Plauen (Dutch, French, German, Polish), Plavno (Czech) |
| Pleven |
Pleven (Bulgarian, French, Serbian), Plevna (French alternate, Romanian, Russian), Plevne (Turkish), Plevno (Czech), Plewen (German, Polish), პლევენი (Georgian) |
| Plovdiv |
Filippopoli (old Italian), Philippolis (Roman Latin), Philipúpoli - Φιλιππούπολη (Greek), Plovdiv (Azeri, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Finnish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Portuguese), Plowdiw (German), Płowdiw (Polish), Pulpudeva (Thracian, former name), Evmolpias (Thracian, former name), Trimontium (Roman Latin, former name), Filibe (Turkish, former name), Paldin (Slavic, former name), პლოვდივი (Georgian) |
| Ploieşti |
Ploieashti (Aromanian), Плоещ (Bulgarian), Plorescht (old German), Πλοέστι (Greek), פלוישט (Hebrew), Ploeszti (Polish), Плоешти (Russian) |
| Plymouth |
Aberplym (Cornish), Pleimuiden (Dutch alternate), Plimuto (Esperanto), პლიმუთი (Georgian) |
| Podgorica |
Titograd (former name), Ribnica (former name), Podgorica (Finnish, Portuguese, Polish, Slovak), Podgorica (French, German), პოდგორიცა (Georgian) |
| Polatsk |
Połacak - Полацак (obsolete Belarusian), Połack - Полацк(Belarusian), Połock (Polish), Полоцк, also transliterated as Polotsk, Polock (Russian), Polock (Czech), Poloţk (Romanian), Polotzk (German), |
| Pompeii |
Pompei (Italian, Azeri, Romanian, Turkish), Pompéi (French), Pompeia (Portuguese), Pompej (Maltese), Pompeji (Danish, Dutch, German, Latin, Slovene, Swedish), Pompeya (Spanish), Pompeja (Latvian, Serbian), Pompeje (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Pompiía - Πομπηία (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish), Pompėja (Lithuanian), 폼페이(Korean) |
| Pontresina |
Pontresina (French, German, Italian), Puntraschigna (Romansh) |
| Porec |
Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Porech - Пореч (Russian) |
| Pori |
Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian, Latvian) |
| Porto |
Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Italian, Spanish, English variant), Portas (Lithuanian), Porto (Azeri, Czech, Dutch, Esperanto, Finnish, French, German, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Portó (Hungarian), Portus Cale (Latin), Portu (Latvian), პორტუ (Georgian) |
| Portorož |
Portorose (Italian), Portorož (Serbian, Slovak, Slovene) |
| Porvoo |
Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese, Romanian), Borgoa (Latin) |
| Potsdam |
波茨坦 (Chinese), Podstupim (Lower Sorbian), Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (Azeri, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Poczdam (Polish), Potsdama (Latvian), Potsdamas (Lithuanian), პოტსდამი (Georgian),'포츠담(Korean) |
| Poznań |
Poznań (Polish), Posen (Dutch, German), Posnania (Latin), Posnanie (French alternate, but only for the region/province), Poyzn - פּױזן (Yiddish), Poznaņa (Latvian), Poznanė (Lithuanian), Poznaň (Czech, Slovak), Poznan (Azeri, French (for the city), Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish), Poznań - Познань (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Poznanie (French alternate, but only for the region/province), პოზნანი (Georgian),포즈난(Korean) |
| Prague |
Birāġ (Arabic), 프라하(Korean),Praag (Dutch, Limburgish), Prag (Bosnian, Croatian, Danish, German, Luxembourgish, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish, Icelandic), پراگ Persian, Prâg (Welsh), Prág (Irish), Pràg (Scottish Gaelic), Praga (Basque, Bulgarian, Catalan, Italian, Kashubian, Latin, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, Spanish), Prago (Esperanto), Prága - Πράγα (Greek, Hungarian), Prague (English, French, Tagalog), Praha (Belarusian, Czech, Estonian, Finnish, Ido, Indonesian, Nauruan, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Prāga (Latvian), Prog - פּראָג (Yiddish), 프라하 (Korean), Puraha - プラハ (Japanese),布拉格 (Chinese), პრაღა (Georgian), Прага(Bulgarian, Macedonian) |
| Pravdinsk |
Friedland (German), Frydląd (Polish), Pravdinsk - Правдинск (Russian), Romuva (Lithuanian) |
| Prešov |
Eperies (German alternate), Eperjes (Hungarian), Peryeshis (Romani), Preschau (German), Presovia (Latin), Prešov (Czech, Slovak), Preszów (Polish), Пряшів (Ukrainian), Пряшyв (Ruthenian) |
| Priozersk |
Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (alternative Finnish name), Priozersk (German, Russian) |
| Priština |
Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština - Приштина (Serbian, Russian), Priština - Прищина (Bulgarian) Prischtina (German), Priština (Czech, Slovak), Priştina (Romanian), Priştine (Turkish), Pristina (French, Hungarian, Portuguese), Pristino (Esperanto), Priština (Latvian, Lithuanian, Slovene), Prístina - Πρίστινα (Greek), Prisztina (Polish), პრიშტინა (Georgian) |
| Příbor |
Freiberg in Mähren (German*) |
| Pruszcz Gdański |
Pruszcz Gdański (Polish), Praust (German) |
| Przemyśl |
Przemyśl (Polish), Přemyšl (Czech), Peremyshl' - Перемишль (traditional Ukrainian), Pshemysl' - Пшемисль (official modern Ukrainian), Peremyshl' - Перемышль (old Russian), Pshemysl' - Пшемысль (official modern Russian), Premisl - פּרעמיסל (Yiddish), Romanian), Peremisla (old Romanian), Pieramyšl - Перамышль (Belarusian), Prömsel (rare German) |
| Pskov |
Pskov - Псков (Russian), Pihkova (Finnish), Pihkva (Estonian), Pleskau (historical German), Pleskava (Latvian), Pskov (Azeri, Dutch, French, Romanian), Pskovas (Lithuanian), Pskow (modern German), Psków (Polish), Pskoŭ - Пскоў (Belarusian), ფსკოვი (Georgian) |
| Puck |
Puck (Polish), Pùck (Kashubian), Putzig (German) |
| Pula |
Pola (Dutch, French, German, Italian), Póla (Hungarian), Polei (older German), Pula (Croatian, Czech, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Pulj (Slovene) |
| Puławy |
Pilev - פּילעװ (Yiddish), Puławy (Polish) Pilev (English, Spanish) Pullno (German) |
| Pyrzyce |
Pyrzyce (Polish), Pyritz (German), |
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